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arXiv · 2507.23608

Medical Image De-Identification Benchmark Challenge

Linmin Pei·Granger Sutton·Michael Rutherford·Ulrike Wagner·Tracy Nolan·Kirk Smith·Phillip Farmer·Peter Gu·Ambar Rana·Kailing Chen·Thomas Ferleman·Brian Park·Ye Wu·Jordan Kojouharov·Gargi Singh·Jon Lemon·Tyler Willis·Milos Vukadinovic·Grant Duffy·Bryan He·David Ouyang·Marco Pereanez·Daniel Samber·Derek A. Smith·Christopher Cannistraci·Zahi Fayad·David S. Mendelson·Michele Bufano·Elmar Kotter·Hamideh Haghiri·Rajesh Baidya·Stefan Dvoretskii·Klaus H. Maier-Hein·Marco Nolden·Christopher Ablett·Silvia Siggillino·Sandeep Kaushik·Hongzhu Jiang·Sihan Xie·Zhiyu Wan·Alex Michie·Simon J Doran·Angeline Aurelia Waly·Felix A. Nathaniel Liang·Humam Arshad Mustagfirin·Michelle Grace Felicia·Kuo Po Chih·Rahul Krish·Ghulam Rasool·Nidhal Bouaynaya·Nikolas Koutsoubis·Kyle Naddeo·Kartik Pandit·Tony O'Sullivan·Raj Krish·Qinyan Pan·Scott Gustafson·Benjamin Kopchick·Laura Opsahl-Ong·Andrea Olvera-Morales·Jonathan Pinney·Kathryn Johnson·Theresa Do·Juergen Klenk·Maria Diaz·Arti Singh·Rong Chai·David A. Clunie·Fred Prior·Keyvan Farahani
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Abstract

The de-identification (deID) of protected health information (PHI) and personally identifiable information (PII) is a fundamental requirement for sharing medical images, particularly through public repositories, to ensure compliance with patient privacy laws. In addition, preservation of non-PHI metadata to inform and enable downstream development of imaging artificial intelligence (AI) is an important consideration in biomedical research. The goal of MIDI-B was to provide a standardized platform for benchmarking of DICOM image deID tools based on a set of rules conformant to the HIPAA Safe Harbor regulation, the DICOM Attribute Confidentiality Profiles, and best practices in preservation of research-critical metadata, as defined by The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). The challenge employed a large, diverse, multi-center, and multi-modality set of real de-identified radiology images with synthetic PHI/PII inserted. The MIDI-B Challenge consisted of three phases: training, validation, and test. Eighty individuals registered for the challenge. In the training phase, we encouraged participants to tune their algorithms using their in-house or public data. The validation and test phases utilized the DICOM images containing synthetic identifiers (of 216 and 322 subjects, respectively). Ten teams successfully completed the test phase of the challenge. To measure success of a rule-based approach to image deID, scores were computed as the percentage of correct actions from the total number of required actions. The scores ranged from 97.91% to 99.93%. Participants employed a variety of open-source and proprietary tools with customized configurations, large language models, and optical character recognition (OCR). In this paper we provide a comprehensive report on the MIDI-B Challenge's design, implementation, results, and lessons learned.

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Linmin Pei, Granger Sutton, Michael Rutherford, Ulrike Wagner, Tracy Nolan, Kirk Smith, Phillip Farmer, Peter Gu, Ambar Rana, Kailing Chen, Thomas Ferleman, Brian Park, Ye Wu, Jordan Kojouharov, Gargi Singh, Jon Lemon, Tyler Willis, Milos Vukadinovic, Grant Duffy, Bryan He, David Ouyang, Marco Pereanez, Daniel Samber, Derek A. Smith, Christopher Cannistraci, Zahi Fayad, David S. Mendelson, Michele Bufano, Elmar Kotter, Hamideh Haghiri, Rajesh Baidya, Stefan Dvoretskii, Klaus H. Maier-Hein, Marco Nolden, Christopher Ablett, Silvia Siggillino, Sandeep Kaushik, Hongzhu Jiang, Sihan Xie, Zhiyu Wan, Alex Michie, Simon J Doran, Angeline Aurelia Waly, Felix A. Nathaniel Liang, Humam Arshad Mustagfirin, Michelle Grace Felicia, Kuo Po Chih, Rahul Krish, Ghulam Rasool, Nidhal Bouaynaya, Nikolas Koutsoubis, Kyle Naddeo, Kartik Pandit, Tony O'Sullivan, Raj Krish, Qinyan Pan, Scott Gustafson, Benjamin Kopchick, Laura Opsahl-Ong, Andrea Olvera-Morales, Jonathan Pinney, Kathryn Johnson, Theresa Do, Juergen Klenk, Maria Diaz, Arti Singh, Rong Chai, David A. Clunie, Fred Prior, Keyvan Farahani. 2025-07-31. Medical Image De-Identification Benchmark Challenge. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23608

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