The 2R-Conjecture for the Hegselmann--Krause Model: A Proof in Expectation and New Directions

Partha S. Dey; S. Rasoul Etesami; Aditya S. Gopalan

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arXiv · 2508.08299

The 2R-Conjecture for the Hegselmann--Krause Model: A Proof in Expectation and New Directions

Partha S. Dey·S. Rasoul Etesami·Aditya S. Gopalan

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Abstract

Hegselmann--Krause models are localized, distributed averaging dynamics on spatial data. A key aspect of these dynamics is that they lead to cluster formation, which has important applications in geographic information systems, dynamic clustering algorithms, opinion dynamics, and social networks. For these models, the key questions are whether a fixed point exists and, if so, characterizing it. In this work, we establish new results towards the "2R-Conjecture" for the Hegselmann--Krause model, for which no meaningful progress, or even any precise statement, has been made since its introduction in 2007. This conjecture relates to the structure of the fixed point when there are a large number of agents per unit space. We provide, among other results, a proof in expectation and a statement of a stronger result that is supported by simulation. The key methodological contribution is to consider the dynamics as an infinite-dimensional problem on the space of point processes, rather than on finitely many points. This enables us to leverage stationarity, shift invariance, and certain other symmetries to obtain the results. These techniques do not have finite-dimensional analogs.

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Partha S. Dey, S. Rasoul Etesami, Aditya S. Gopalan. 2025-08-06. The 2R-Conjecture for the Hegselmann--Krause Model: A Proof in Expectation and New Directions. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08299

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