Hybrid Fiber-Free-Space Entanglement Distribution Using Off-the-Shelf Quantum Devices

Gustavo C. Amaral; Nienke M. ten Haaf; Breno Perlingeiro; David L. Bakker; Mark G. M. Boekel; Tim E. van Duivenbode; Karthik Selvan; Nicolas Oidtmann; Rafael Ochsendorf; Rick N. M. Wasserman; Mael Flament; Felipe Giraldo; Shane Andrewski; Mehdi Namazi; Federica Facchin; Mario Castañeda; Fokko de Vries; Sayali Shevate; Shaurya Bhave; Marco Gorter; Nico Coesel; David Mytling; Mike Mabry; Carlo Page; Alexandra Pinto; Joanneke Jansen; Rahul Vyas; Marc X. Makkes

arXiv · 2508.11023

Hybrid Fiber-Free-Space Entanglement Distribution Using Off-the-Shelf Quantum Devices

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Abstract

Entanglement serves as a fundamental resource for quantum technologies, enabling communication and computation tasks that surpass classical limits. Its distribution across networks is essential for interconnecting quantum processors, enabling distributed quantum computing to address complex challenges in areas such as drug discovery, material science, and optimization. In this work, we report the successful distribution of polarization-entangled photon pairs across a campus-scale, three-node quantum network comprising both fiber and free-space optical links. The entire system was built using commercially available components provided by partners within the Netherlands Quantum Ecosystem. This result represents advancements in the technological maturity of quantum communication systems and demonstrates a pathway towards the practical deployment of early-stage quantum networks both on Earth and in space.

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Gustavo C. Amaral, Nienke M. ten Haaf, Breno Perlingeiro, David L. Bakker, Mark G. M. Boekel, Tim E. van Duivenbode, Karthik Selvan, Nicolas Oidtmann, Rafael Ochsendorf, Rick N. M. Wasserman, Mael Flament, Felipe Giraldo, Shane Andrewski, Mehdi Namazi, Federica Facchin, Mario Castañeda, Fokko de Vries, Sayali Shevate, Shaurya Bhave, Marco Gorter, Nico Coesel, David Mytling, Mike Mabry, Carlo Page, Alexandra Pinto, Joanneke Jansen, Rahul Vyas, Marc X. Makkes. 2025-08-14. Hybrid Fiber-Free-Space Entanglement Distribution Using Off-the-Shelf Quantum Devices. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11023

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