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arXiv · 2508.14201

Breakable Machine: A K-12 Classroom Game for Transformative AI Literacy Through Spoofing and eXplainable AI (XAI)

Olli Hilke·Nicolas Pope·Juho Kahila·Henriikka Vartiainen·Teemu Roos·Tuomo Parkki·Matti Tedre
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Abstract

This paper, submitted to the special track on resources for teaching AI in K-12, presents an eXplainable AI (XAI)-based classroom game "Breakable Machine" for teaching critical, transformative AI literacy through adversarial play and interrogation of AI systems. Designed for learners aged 10-15, the game invites students to spoof an image classifier by manipulating their appearance or environment in order to trigger high-confidence misclassifications. Rather than focusing on building AI models, this activity centers on breaking them-exposing their brittleness, bias, and vulnerability through hands-on, embodied experimentation. The game includes an XAI view to help students visualize feature saliency, revealing how models attend to specific visual cues. A shared classroom leaderboard fosters collaborative inquiry and comparison of strategies, turning the classroom into a site for collective sensemaking. This approach reframes AI education by treating model failure and misclassification not as problems to be debugged, but as pedagogically rich opportunities to interrogate AI as a sociotechnical system. In doing so, the game supports students in developing data agency, ethical awareness, and a critical stance toward AI systems increasingly embedded in everyday life. The game and its source code are freely available.

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Olli Hilke, Nicolas Pope, Juho Kahila, Henriikka Vartiainen, Teemu Roos, Tuomo Parkki, Matti Tedre. 2025-08-19. Breakable Machine: A K-12 Classroom Game for Transformative AI Literacy Through Spoofing and eXplainable AI (XAI). https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14201

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