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arXiv · 2508.20896

Transverse-electric Cherenkov Radiation for TeV-Scale Particle Detection

Zhixiong Xie·Xiao Lin·Song Zhu·Chunyu Huang·Yu Luo·Hao Hu
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Abstract

Cherenkov radiation enables high-energy particle identification through its velocity-dependent emission angle, yet conventional detectors fail to detect momenta beyond tens of GeV/c owing to the absence of natural materials with near-unity refractive indices. We overcome this limitation by demonstrating directional Cherenkov radiation from transverse-electric (TE) graphene plasmons, excited by a swift charged particle travelling above suspended monolayer graphene. Crucially, TE graphene plasmons exhibit a near-unity mode index, sustaining high sensitivity of the Cherenkov angle to relativistic velocities up to the TeV/c regime. The radiation further maintains exceptional robustness against particle-graphene separation changes, enabled by the TE mode's low transverse decay rate. This ultracompact platform is electrically tunable, allowing on-chip, reconfigurable detection of ultrahigh-energy particles and extending measurable momenta by two orders of magnitude beyond existing detectors.

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Zhixiong Xie, Xiao Lin, Song Zhu, Chunyu Huang, Yu Luo, Hao Hu. 2025-08-28. Transverse-electric Cherenkov Radiation for TeV-Scale Particle Detection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20896

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