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arXiv · 2509.01074

High-efficiency Weak-trace-free Counterfactual Communication via Quantum Zeno Effect

Tianyi Xing·Anqi Huang·Yizhi Wang·Chao Wu·Yaxuan Wang·Pingyu Zhu·Jiangfang Ding·Dongyang Wang·Yingwen Liu·Xiaogang Qiang·Sheng Ma·Ping Xu·Junjie Wu
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Abstract

The quantum Zeno effect, which inhibits quantum state evolution via repeated weak measurements, significantly enhances the efficiency of interaction-free measurement (IFM). This fundamental mechanism facilitates high-efficiency counterfactual quantum communication, enabling information delivery without particle transmission through the channel. However, the transmission time of the counterfactual communication requires minutes for bit and suffers the bit error when transmitting an image. Applying the quantum Zeno effect, we experimentally demonstrate high-efficiency weak-trace-free counterfactual communication on a quantum photonic chip, achieving a transmission probability of 74.2 $\pm$ 1.6\% for bit 0 and 85.1 $\pm$ 1.3\% for bit 1. Furthermore, we successfully transmit our group's logo -- Quanta -- through counterfactual communication, and reduce the time cost from minutes to seconds for bit, with zero bit errors after information processing. Our study provides a promising approach for secure and efficient communication using integrated silicon quantum photonics.

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Tianyi Xing, Anqi Huang, Yizhi Wang, Chao Wu, Yaxuan Wang, Pingyu Zhu, Jiangfang Ding, Dongyang Wang, Yingwen Liu, Xiaogang Qiang, Sheng Ma, Ping Xu, Junjie Wu. 2025-09-01. High-efficiency Weak-trace-free Counterfactual Communication via Quantum Zeno Effect. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01074

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