Collective motion in the massive Schwinger model via Tensor Network

Haiyang Shao; Shile Chen; Shuzhe Shi

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arXiv · 2509.10835

Collective motion in the massive Schwinger model via Tensor Network

Haiyang Shao·Shile Chen·Shuzhe Shi

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Abstract

We simulate the real-time dynamics of a massive Schwinger model using the Time-Evolving Block Decimation tensor network algorithm. Starting from a non-equilibrium initial state with localized energy excitation on top of vacuum, we track the subsequent evolution to investigate two distinct physical phenomena. First, by analyzing the system's energy-momentum tensor, we show that this system exhibits hydrodynamic behavior analogous to Bjorken flow at large coupling-to-mass ratio, a signature that diminishes as the coupling weakens, or mass increases. Second, by examining the evolution of the electric field and charge density, we observe the signal of spontaneous parity symmetry breaking phase transition in a dynamical system. The parity-restored regime is marked by ''string breaking'' and efficient charge screening, while the parity-broken regime displays stable propagation of nearly free charges and persistent electric fields connecting them.

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Haiyang Shao, Shile Chen, Shuzhe Shi. 2025-09-13. Collective motion in the massive Schwinger model via Tensor Network. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10835

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