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arXiv · 2510.16228

Observational constraints on the modified cosmology inspired by string T-duality

G. G. Luciano·A. Paliathanasis·A. Sheykhi
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Abstract

We explore the cosmological consequences of a modified cosmology inspired by string T-duality. We incorporate the zero-point length correction, $l_0$, into the gravitational potential and derive the modified Friedmann equations via thermodynamic approach at the apparent horizon of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. The resulting framework introduces a dimensionless coupling parameter $\beta\sim l_0^2H_0^2$ quantifying deviations from the standard $\Lambda$CDM model. Using Bayesian inference with \textsc{Cobaya} and MCMC sampling, we constrain the model parameter against late-time observations, including PantheonPlus and Union3 Type~Ia supernovae, cosmic chronometers, DESI~DR2 BAO measurements, and Amati-calibrated GRBs. The joint analysis yields an upper bound $\beta \lesssim \mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$ (68\% C.L.), implying that departures from $\Lambda$CDM are extremely small within current precision. Model comparison through the Akaike Information Criterion shows that the $\Lambda$CDM and T-duality models provide statistically equivalent fits to the data, exhibiting only a marginal preference for $\Lambda$CDM. These results provide the first quantitative observational constraints on string T-duality inspired modified cosmology and underscore the potential of future high-precision surveys to test quantum-gravity induced corrections in a late-time universe.

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G. G. Luciano, A. Paliathanasis, A. Sheykhi. 2025-10-17. Observational constraints on the modified cosmology inspired by string T-duality. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140325

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