The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Medical Education in Spain: Descriptive Analysis and International Perspectives

Ana Enériz Janeiro; Karina Pitombeira Pereira; Julio Mayol; Javier Crespo; Fernando Carballo; Juan B. Cabello; Manel Ramos-Casals; Bibiana Pérez Corbacho; Juan Turnes

arXiv · 2510.17938

The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Medical Education in Spain: Descriptive Analysis and International Perspectives

Ana Enériz Janeiro·Karina Pitombeira Pereira·Julio Mayol·Javier Crespo·Fernando Carballo·Juan B. Cabello·Manel Ramos-Casals·Bibiana Pérez Corbacho·Juan Turnes

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Abstract

AI is transforming medical practice and redefining the competencies that future healthcare professionals need to master. Despite international recommendations, the integration of AI into Medicine curricula in Spain had not been systematically evaluated until now. A cross-sectional study (July-September 2025) including Spanish universities offering the official degree in Medicine, according to the 'Register of Universities, Centers and Degrees (Registro de Universidades, Centros y T\'itulos RUCT)'. Curricula and publicly available institutional documentation were reviewed to identify courses and competencies related to AI in the 2025-2026 academic year. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Of the 52 universities analyzed, ten (19.2%) offer specific AI courses, whereas 36 (69.2%) include no related content. Most of the identified courses are elective, with a credit load ranging from three to six ECTS, representing on average 1.17% of the total 360 credits of the degree. The University of Ja\'en is the only institution offering a compulsory course with AI content. The territorial analysis reveals marked disparities: Andalusia leads with 55.5% of its universities incorporating AI training, while several communities lack any initiative in this area. The integration of AI into the medical degree in Spain is incipient, fragmented, and uneven, with a low weight in ECTS. The limited training load and predominance of elective courses restrict the preparation of future physicians to practice in a healthcare environment increasingly mediated by AI. The findings support the establishment of minimum standards and national monitoring of indicators.

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Ana Enériz Janeiro, Karina Pitombeira Pereira, Julio Mayol, Javier Crespo, Fernando Carballo, Juan B. Cabello, Manel Ramos-Casals, Bibiana Pérez Corbacho, Juan Turnes. 2025-10-20. The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Medical Education in Spain: Descriptive Analysis and International Perspectives. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.17938

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