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arXiv · 2510.18101

From Volume Rendering to 3D Gaussian Splatting: Theory and Applications

Vitor Pereira Matias·Daniel Perazzo·Vinicius Silva·Alberto Raposo·Luiz Velho·Afonso Paiva·Tiago Novello
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Abstract

The problem of 3D reconstruction from posed images is undergoing a fundamental transformation, driven by continuous advances in 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS). By modeling scenes explicitly as collections of 3D Gaussians, 3DGS enables efficient rasterization through volumetric splatting, offering thus a seamless integration with common graphics pipelines. Despite its real-time rendering capabilities for novel view synthesis, 3DGS suffers from a high memory footprint, the tendency to bake lighting effects directly into its representation, and limited support for secondary-ray effects. This tutorial provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the 3DGS pipeline, starting from its splatting formulation and then exploring the main efforts in addressing its limitations. Finally, we survey a range of applications that leverage 3DGS for surface reconstruction, avatar modeling, animation, and content generation-highlighting its efficient rendering and suitability for feed-forward pipelines.

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Vitor Pereira Matias, Daniel Perazzo, Vinicius Silva, Alberto Raposo, Luiz Velho, Afonso Paiva, Tiago Novello. 2025-10-20. From Volume Rendering to 3D Gaussian Splatting: Theory and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1109/sibgrapi67909.2025.11223276

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