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arXiv · 2510.19566

Triple-core structure of the double-core vortex in superfluid $^3$He-B

Riku Rantanen
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Abstract

The order parameter of superfluid $^3$He involves nine complex components, and the multicomponent structure allows quantized vortices in superfluid $^3$He to have complicated cores. One of the vortices found in the B phase is the double-core vortex, which has been often described as a pair of two half-quantum vortices (HQVs) connected by a domain wall. Our numerical calculations of the core structure suggest an alternative representation of the vortex as a combination of three vortices, one in each component of the spin-triplet superfluid. Based on the results we present a qualitative analytical model for the triple-core structure of the double-core vortex. Additionally we numerically calculate the structure of a double-core vortex stretched between pinning sites, and show that the HQV picture becomes more applicable when separation between subcores becomes large.

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Riku Rantanen. 2025-10-22. Triple-core structure of the double-core vortex in superfluid $^3$He-B. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19566

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