Coherent control of magnon-polaritons using an exceptional point

Abstract

The amplitude of resonant oscillations in a non-Hermitian environment can either decay or grow in time, corresponding to a mode with either loss or gain. When two coupled modes have a specific difference between their loss or gain, a feature termed an exceptional point emerges in the excitations' energy manifold, at which both the eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes of the system coalesce. Exceptional points have intriguing effects on the dynamics of systems due to their topological properties. They have been explored in contexts including optical, microwave, optomechanical, electronic and magnonic systems, and have been used to control systems including optical microcavities, the lasing modes of a PT-symmetric waveguide, and terahertz pulse generation. A challenging problem that remains open in all of these scenarios is the fully deterministic and direct manipulation of the systems' loss and gain on timescales relevant to coherent control of excitations. Here we demonstrate the rapid manipulation of the gain and loss balance of excitations of a magnonic hybrid system on durations much shorter than their decay rate, allowing us to exploit non-Hermitian physics for coherent control. By encircling an exceptional point, we demonstrate population transfer between coupled magnon-polariton modes, and confirm the distinctive chiral nature of exceptional point encircling. We then study the effect of driving the system directly through an exceptional point, and demonstrate that this allows the coupled system to be prepared in an equal superposition of eigenmodes. We also show that the dynamics of the system at the exceptional point are dependent on its generalised eigenvectors. These results extend the established toolbox of adiabatic transfer techniques with a new approach for coherent state preparation, and provide a new avenue for exploring the dynamical properties of non-Hermitian systems.