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arXiv · 2511.05458

Trade-off between complexity and energy in quantum phase estimation

Yukuan Tao·Madalin Guta·Gerardo Adesso
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Abstract

Quantifying the energetic cost of implementing quantum operations is essential for assessing the efficiency and scalability of quantum sensing and information-processing technologies. Here, we introduce a framework for analysing the interplay between complexity and energy cost of quantum processes. In particular, we apply our framework to a sequential quantum phase estimation protocol, where a phase of physical significance is encoded in a quantum channel. The channel is applied to a probe state repeatedly until the probe is measured and the outcome leads to an estimate on the phase. We establish a trade-off relation between the total energy cost of the protocol and the number of times the channel is applied (complexity), while reaching a desired estimation precision. A sweet spot is located where the two quantities are co-optimised. The principles of our analysis can be adapted to benchmark the energetic requirements in other quantum protocols and devices.

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Yukuan Tao, Madalin Guta, Gerardo Adesso. 2025-11-07. Trade-off between complexity and energy in quantum phase estimation. https://doi.org/10.1103/zlhs-7m9m

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