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arXiv · 2511.06123

Damping of dynamical friction force in self-interacting ultralight dark matter and Fornax timing problem

E. V. Gorbar·O. V. Barabash·V. M. Gorkavenko·K. Korshynska·A. I. Momot·A. O. Zaporozhchenko
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Abstract

The dynamics of globular clusters in the Fornax dwarf galaxy pose a challenge for the standard cold dark matter and can be used to test other models of dark matter. We study this dynamics in the context of an ultralight bosonic dark matter model, accounting for the damping term in a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Employing analytic formulas for the dynamical friction force, the infall time and evolution of globular clusters are compared in the cases with and without the damping term. It is argued that the damping term plays an important role in the Fornax timing problem in ultralight dark matter (ULDM) models. We found that the ULDM model with repulsive self-interaction can solve the Fornax timing problem in the absence of or with very small self-interaction, even if the initial position of the globular cluster is not far from the center of the galaxy. Still, the problem is resolved for strongly interacting repulsive ULDM, even for the most pressing case of globular cluster GC3, if its starting position exceeds 1.5 kpc.

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E. V. Gorbar, O. V. Barabash, V. M. Gorkavenko, K. Korshynska, A. I. Momot, A. O. Zaporozhchenko. 2025-11-08. Damping of dynamical friction force in self-interacting ultralight dark matter and Fornax timing problem. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382%2Fae85a7

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