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arXiv · 2511.11382

Self-gravitating baryonic tubes supported by $\pi$- and $\omega$-mesons and its flat limit

Gonzalo Barriga·Carla Henríquez-Baez·Leonardo Sanhueza·Aldo Vera
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Abstract

In this paper, we construct self-gravitating topological solitons in the $SU(N)$ Einstein non-linear sigma model coupled to $\omega$-vector mesons in four space-time dimensions. These solutions represent tube-like configurations free of curvature singularities, carrying a non-vanishing topological charge that is identified as the baryon number. We show that by employing the maximal embedding Ansatz of $SU(2)$ into $SU(N)$ in the exponential representation, these tubes can be constructed for an arbitrary number of flavors, $N$, with the topological charge scaling proportionally to this number. The flat-space limit of the solutions, corresponding to an array of baryonic tubes within a finite volume, is analyzed in detail. Remarkably, while the total energy of the solitons at a finite volume is an increasing function of $N$, the binding energy decreases as the number of flavors increases. This analysis reaffirms that the inclusion of more than two flavors to the model systematically improves the physical predictions.

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Gonzalo Barriga, Carla Henríquez-Baez, Leonardo Sanhueza, Aldo Vera. 2025-11-14. Self-gravitating baryonic tubes supported by $\pi$- and $\omega$-mesons and its flat limit. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.11382

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