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arXiv · 2512.07242

The late-time attractor structure of dynamical black branes

Yan Liu·Hao-Tian Sun
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Abstract

The ringdown phase of a perturbed black hole is conventionally described by a linear superposition of quasinormal modes. However, as the AdS black brane approaches its final global equilibrium, this linear quasinormal mode description becomes inadequate, and nonlinear dynamics play a significant role in the late-stage evolution. We show that the interplay between nonlinear evolution and horizon dissipation in general relativity drives dynamical AdS black branes towards the final state along a unique path, independent of their initial perturbations. Through numerical simulations, we identify this late-time attractor and uncover the associated universal nonlinear behavior, characterized by a simple dimensionless relative amplitude in the dual hydrodynamic variables.

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Yan Liu, Hao-Tian Sun. 2025-12-08. The late-time attractor structure of dynamical black branes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07242

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