Inhomogeneous Branching Random Walks: Incorporating Genealogy and Density Effects

Lauren Ajax; Beatrice Durham; Pratima Hebbar; Cade Johnson; Jiayi Zhang

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arXiv · 2512.09145

Inhomogeneous Branching Random Walks: Incorporating Genealogy and Density Effects

Lauren Ajax·Beatrice Durham·Pratima Hebbar·Cade Johnson·Jiayi Zhang

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Abstract

In this paper, we introduce a novel framework using inhomogeneous Branching Random Walks (BRWs) to model growth processes, specifically introducing genealogy-dependence in branching rates and displacement distributions to model phenomena like bacterial colony growth. Current stochastic models often either assume independent and identical behavior of individual agents or incorporate only spatiotemporal inhomogeneity, ignoring the effect of genealogy-based inhomogeneity on the long-time behavior of these processes. Such long-time asymptotics are of independent mathematical interest and are crucial in understanding the effect of patterns. We propose several inhomogeneous BRW models in 2D space where displacement distributions and branching rates vary with time, space, and genealogy. A combined model then uses a weighted average of positions given by these separate models to study the shape of the growth patterns. Using computer simulations, we tune parameters from these models, which are based on genealogical and spatiotemporal factors, observe the resulting structures, and compare them with images of real bacterial colonies.

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Lauren Ajax, Beatrice Durham, Pratima Hebbar, Cade Johnson, Jiayi Zhang. 2025-12-09. Inhomogeneous Branching Random Walks: Incorporating Genealogy and Density Effects. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09145

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