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arXiv · 2512.20378

Storage and retrieval of optical skyrmions with topological characteristics

Jinwen Wang·Xin Yang·Yun Chen·Zhujun Ye·Xinji Zeng·Yongkun Zhou·Shuya Zhang·Claire Marie Cisowski·Chengyuan Wang·Katsuya Inoue·Yijie Shen·Sonja Franke-Arnold·Hong Gao
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Abstract

Optical skyrmions are topological structures of light whose defining property, the skyrmion number, is robust against perturbations. This makes them attractive for applications in quantum information storage, where resilience to decoherence is paramount. However, their preservation during coherent storage remains unexplored. We report the first experimental demonstration of storing and retrieving optical skyrmions in a cold $^{87}$Rb vapor using a dual-path electromagnetically induced transparency memory. Crucially, we show that the skyrmion number remains invariant for storage times up to several microseconds, even when subjected to imbalanced loss between the two paths and substantial perturbations in control beam power. Our work demonstrates the survival of a non-trivial topological invariant in a quantum memory, marking a significant step towards topologically protected photonic technologies.

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Jinwen Wang, Xin Yang, Yun Chen, Zhujun Ye, Xinji Zeng, Yongkun Zhou, Shuya Zhang, Claire Marie Cisowski, Chengyuan Wang, Katsuya Inoue, Yijie Shen, Sonja Franke-Arnold, Hong Gao. 2025-12-23. Storage and retrieval of optical skyrmions with topological characteristics. https://doi.org/10.1103/44mz-k83h

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