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arXiv · 2512.23744

Acoustic Black Holes in a Shock-Wave Exciton-Polariton Condensate

Junhui Cao·Jinling Wang·Kirill Bazarov·Chenqi Jin·Huijun Li·Anton Nalitov·Alexey Kavokin
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Abstract

We demonstrate the spontaneous formation of acoustic black holes in exciton-polariton condensates triggered by discontinuous Riemann-type initial conditions. Starting from a quasi-conservative Gross-Pitaevskii model, we show that nonlinear dispersive shock waves naturally generate spatial regions where the local flow velocity exceeds the speed of sound, creating a self-induced transonic interface that functions as an acoustic horizon. Unlike previous schemes relying on externally engineered potentials or pump-loss landscapes, our approach reveals that the intrinsic nonlinear hydrodynamics of polariton fluids alone can lead to horizon formation. Using Whitham modulation theory and numerical simulations, we characterize the transition between subsonic and supersonic regimes and estimate the corresponding surface gravity and Hawking temperature. This mechanism opens a new route toward realizing polariton black holes and studying analogue gravitational effects, including Hawking-like emission, in Bose-Einstein quantum liquids.

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Junhui Cao, Jinling Wang, Kirill Bazarov, Chenqi Jin, Huijun Li, Anton Nalitov, Alexey Kavokin. 2025-12-26. Acoustic Black Holes in a Shock-Wave Exciton-Polariton Condensate. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23744

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