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arXiv · 2601.00656

Quantum Simulation of Protein Fragment Electronic Structure Using Moment-based Adaptive Variational Quantum Algorithms

Biraja Ghoshal
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Abstract

Background: Understanding electronic interactions in protein active sites is fundamental to drug discovery and enzyme engineering, but remains computationally challenging due to exponential scaling of quantum mechanical calculations. Results: We present a quantum-classical hybrid framework for simulating protein fragment electronic structure using variational quantum algorithms. We construct fermionic Hamiltonians from experimentally determined protein structures, map them to qubits via Jordan-Wigner transformation, and optimize ground state energies using the Variational Quantum Eigensolver implemented in pure Python. For a 4-orbital serine protease fragment, we achieve chemical accuracy (< 1.6 mHartree) with 95.3% correlation energy recovery. Systematic analysis reveals three-phase convergence behaviour with exponential decay ({\alpha} = 0.95), power law optimization ({\gamma} = 1.21), and asymptotic approach. Application to SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibition demonstrates predictive accuracy (MAE=0.25 kcal/mol), while cytochrome P450 metabolism predictions achieve 85% site accuracy. Conclusions: This work establishes a pathway for quantum-enhanced biomolecular simulations on near-term quantum hardware, bridging quantum algorithm development with practical biological applications.

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Biraja Ghoshal. 2026-01-02. Quantum Simulation of Protein Fragment Electronic Structure Using Moment-based Adaptive Variational Quantum Algorithms. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00656

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