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arXiv · 2601.14526

3D bulk-resolved $g$-wave altermagnetic order parameter in CrSb

Mengmeng Long·Theodore I. Weinberger·Zheyu Wu·Mads F. Hansen·Ran Tao·Mridul Shrestha·Dave Graf·Yurii Skourski·F. Malte Grosche·Alexander G. Eaton
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Abstract

Electronic phases of matter, such as magnetism and superconductivity, are defined and distinguished by their order parameters quantifying the spontaneous symmetry breaking underlying each phase. Simple cases include the uniform magnetisation of ferromagnets and isotropic gap function of conventional superconductors. Unconventional superconductors often have a nodal gap function, where the gap changes sign at nodes on the Fermi surface. This concept of unconventional/nodal order parameter symmetry has recently been extended to numerous magnetic systems, including altermagnets, in which up- and down-spin species are non-degenerate around the Fermi surface. Here we demonstrate that magnetic quantum oscillation measurements can provide a high resolution, bulk-sensitive, 3D mapping of the order parameter in an unconventional magnet. By rotating a magnetic field through high- and low-symmetry directions of the CrSb Brillouin zone, we show that this material's altermagnetic band structure leads to a reduction of symmetry for each spin-split Fermi sheet away from nodal orientations. In momentum space, the exchange splitting between up and down spins follows the profile of the $\mathcal{Y}_{4}^{-3}=zy(3x^2-y^2)$ real spherical harmonic - analogous to a $g$-orbital of the hydrogen atom. While notoriously difficult to resolve in unconventional superconductors, our work demonstrates that the order parameter symmetry of unconventional magnets can be precisely mapped via quantum-oscillatory quasiparticle spectroscopy, establishing CrSb as a prototypical $g$-wave metallic altermagnet.

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Mengmeng Long, Theodore I. Weinberger, Zheyu Wu, Mads F. Hansen, Ran Tao, Mridul Shrestha, Dave Graf, Yurii Skourski, F. Malte Grosche, Alexander G. Eaton. 2026-01-20. 3D bulk-resolved $g$-wave altermagnetic order parameter in CrSb. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10902-z

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