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arXiv · 2601.14726

Kerr-enhanced amplification of three-wave mixing and emergent masing regimes

Ragheed Alhyder·Rishabh Sahu·Johannes M. Fink·Mikhail Lemeshko·Georgios M. Koutentakis
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Abstract

Integrated optical microresonators exploiting either second-order ($\chi^{(2)}$) or third-order ($\chi^{(3)}$) nonlinearities have become key platforms for frequency conversion, low-noise microwave photonics, and quantum entanglement generation. Here, we present an analytic theory of Kerr-enhanced three-wave mixing amplification in an electro-optic microresonator with both $\chi^{(2)}$ and $\chi^{(3)}$ nonlinearities. We demonstrate that Kerr dressing hybridizes the optical sidebands, renormalizing the $\chi^{(2)}$ couplings and detunings. As a result the system exhibits gain in regions where analogous bare $\chi^{(2)}$ or $\chi^{(3)}$ amplifiers are subthreshold. Time-domain Langevin simulations confirm this threshold reduction, mapping a practical design window for experiments.

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Ragheed Alhyder, Rishabh Sahu, Johannes M. Fink, Mikhail Lemeshko, Georgios M. Koutentakis. 2026-01-21. Kerr-enhanced amplification of three-wave mixing and emergent masing regimes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14726

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