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arXiv · 2601.17553

TOSHFA: A Mobile VR-Based System for Pose-Guided Exercise Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain

Amin Mohamed·Hamza Abdelmoreed·Mohamed Ehab·Youssef Shawky·Mayada Hadhoud·Ahmad Al-Kabbany
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Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is a pervasive global health challenge, affecting approximately 80% of adults and frequently progressing into chronic or recurrent episodes. While exercise therapy is a primary clinical intervention, traditional at-home programs suffer from low adherence rates and the absence of professional supervision. This study introduces TOSHFA, an accessible mobile VR-based rehabilitation system that bridges this gap by combining computer vision with affordable hardware. The system utilizes a laptop webcam to perform real-time pose estimation via the MediaPipe framework, tracking 33 skeletal landmarks to provide immediate biofeedback. This data is streamed via low-latency UDP protocols to a smartphone mounted in a cardboard-style VR headset, where patients interact with a gamified 3D environment. A pilot study with 20 participants evaluated the system's performance and user engagement. Quantitative results yielded a mean System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 47.4, indicating marginal usability and a need for interface optimization. However, Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) data revealed high scores in positive affect and enjoyment, suggesting that the gamification elements--such as coin rewards and streak tracking--successfully maintained user motivation despite technical friction. These findings validate the feasibility of a smartphone-based tele-rehabilitation model and establish a technical foundation for future clinical trials involving multi-exercise protocols.

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Amin Mohamed, Hamza Abdelmoreed, Mohamed Ehab, Youssef Shawky, Mayada Hadhoud, Ahmad Al-Kabbany. 2026-01-24. TOSHFA: A Mobile VR-Based System for Pose-Guided Exercise Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17553

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