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arXiv · 2601.20878

Log Focal Frequency Loss for Bioimage Restoration

Xingjian Zhang·Claire Leclech·Louison Blivet-Bailly·Abdul I. Barakat·Elsa D. Angelini
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Abstract

Image restoration of biological structures in microscopy poses unique challenges for preserving fine textures and sharp edges. While recent GAN-based image restoration formulations have introduced frequency-domain losses for natural images, microscopy images pose distinct challenges with large dynamic ranges and sparse but critical structures with spatially-variable contrast. Inspired by the principle of logarithmic perception in human vision, we propose a log focal frequency loss (LFFL) tailored for microscopy restoration. This loss combines adaptive spectral weighting from log-space differences with log-dampened error measurement, ensuring balanced reconstruction across all frequency bands while preserving both structural coherence and fine details. We tested our GAN-based framework on two use-cases with real ground-truths: deblurring of fluorescence images of cell nuclei on microgroove substrates and denoising of zebrafish embryo images from the FMD dataset. Compared to training with only spatial-domain losses and with existing frequency-domain losses, our method achieves improvements across several quality metrics. Code is available at github.com/xjzhaang/log-focal-frequency-loss.

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Xingjian Zhang, Claire Leclech, Louison Blivet-Bailly, Abdul I. Barakat, Elsa D. Angelini. 2026-01-22. Log Focal Frequency Loss for Bioimage Restoration. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20878

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