CADEvolve: Creating Realistic CAD via Program Evolution

Maksim Elistratov; Marina Barannikov; Gregory Ivanov; Valentin Khrulkov; Anton Konushin; Andrey Kuznetsov; Dmitrii Zhemchuzhnikov

arXiv · 2602.16317

CADEvolve: Creating Realistic CAD via Program Evolution

Maksim Elistratov·Marina Barannikov·Gregory Ivanov·Valentin Khrulkov·Anton Konushin·Andrey Kuznetsov·Dmitrii Zhemchuzhnikov

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Abstract

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) delivers rapid, editable modeling for engineering and manufacturing. Recent AI progress now makes full automation feasible for various CAD tasks. However, progress is bottlenecked by data: public corpora mostly contain sketch-extrude sequences, lack complex operations, multi-operation composition and design intent, and thus hinder effective fine-tuning. Attempts to bypass this with frozen VLMs often yield simple or invalid programs due to limited 3D grounding in current foundation models. We present CADEvolve, an evolution-based pipeline and dataset that starts from simple primitives and, via VLM-guided edits and validations, incrementally grows CAD programs toward industrial-grade complexity. The result is 8k complex parts expressed as executable CadQuery parametric generators. After multi-stage post-processing and augmentation, we obtain a unified dataset of 1.3m scripts paired with rendered geometry and exercising the full CadQuery operation set. A VLM fine-tuned on CADEvolve achieves state-of-the-art results on the Image2CAD task across the DeepCAD, Fusion 360, and MCB benchmarks.

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Maksim Elistratov, Marina Barannikov, Gregory Ivanov, Valentin Khrulkov, Anton Konushin, Andrey Kuznetsov, Dmitrii Zhemchuzhnikov. 2026-02-18. CADEvolve: Creating Realistic CAD via Program Evolution. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.16317

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