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arXiv · 2602.23319

Many-body gravitating quantum systems with Bose-Einstein condensates and dipolar analogue

Youssef Trifa·Dario Cafasso·Marco Fattori·Luca Pezzè
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Abstract

Quantum probes of gravity in the Newtonian regime, based on mass-energy equivalence in clocks or spatial superpositions in interferometers, share a common description in terms of an effective qubit-qubit coupling. Here we extend this framework to atomic ensembles, regarded as interacting collective qudits. The many-body enhancement boosts the signal-to-noise and increases the effective interaction rate, facilitating the observation of gravitationally-induced entanglement and decoherence, certified by metrological witnesses based on local and collective spin squeezing. We further identify trapped bimodal Bose-Einstein condensates with long-range interactions, including dipolar couplings, as a programmable analogue platform for simulating gravitating quantum dynamics at accessible time and energy scales. Extending the protocol to a sensor network broadens the entanglement-detection window.

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Youssef Trifa, Dario Cafasso, Marco Fattori, Luca Pezzè. 2026-02-26. Many-body gravitating quantum systems with Bose-Einstein condensates and dipolar analogue. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23319

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