Anisotropic flows of light-flavor and charmed hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at LHC energy

Abstract

We apply a constituent quark equal-velocity combination (EVC) model to study the elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) and triangular flow ($v_{3}$) of light-flavor and single-charmed hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV. $v_{2,3}$ of hadrons in the EVC model can be expressed as a linear superposition of the $v_{2,3}$ of quarks at the same velocity as that of the hadrons. We find that available experimental data for $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ of $p$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$, and $\Omega$ as the function of transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) can be consistently explained by the EVC formula using a $v_{2}$ of up/down quarks and a $v_{2}$ of strange quarks. In comparison with $v_{2}$ data of $\phi$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$2.76 TeV which can be naturally explained by $v_{2}$ of strange quarks, explanation of data of $\phi$ mesons at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$5.02 TeV requires an additional contribution of two-kaon coalescence, which indicates approximately 20% influence of final-state hadronic rescattering on $v_{2}$ of $\phi$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$5.02 TeV. Using $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ of light-flavor quarks obtained in studying light-flavor hadrons and $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ of charm quarks determined from $D^{0}$ meson data, we apply the EVC model to predict the anisotropic flows of $D_{s}^{+}$, $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}$, and $\Omega_{c}^{0}$ and compare them with the available experimental data. The preliminary data for $v_{2}$ of $D^{0}$, $D_{s}^{+}$, and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 5.36 TeV are found to be naturally described by the EVC model.