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arXiv · 2603.04053

An Adaptive KKT-Based Indicator for Convergence Assessment in Multi-Objective Optimization

Thiago Santos·Sebastiao Xavier
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Abstract

Performance indicators are essential tools for assessing the convergence behavior of multi-objective optimization algorithms, particularly when the true Pareto front is unknown or difficult to approximate. Classical reference-based metrics such as hypervolume and inverted generational distance are widely used, but may suffer from scalability limitations and sensitivity to parameter choices in many-objective scenarios. Indicators derived from Karush--Kuhn--Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions provide an intrinsic alternative by quantifying stationarity without relying on external reference sets. This paper revisits an entropy-inspired KKT-based convergence indicator and proposes a robust adaptive reformulation based on quantile normalization. The proposed indicator preserves the stationarity-based interpretation of the original formulation while improving robustness to heterogeneous distributions of stationarity residuals, a recurring issue in many-objective optimization.

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Thiago Santos, Sebastiao Xavier. 2026-03-04. An Adaptive KKT-Based Indicator for Convergence Assessment in Multi-Objective Optimization. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04053

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