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arXiv · 2603.09254

Safe or Slow? The Illusion of Thermal Stability Under Reduced-Velocity Nail Intrusion

Eymen Ipek·Oliver Korak·Georg Gsellmann·Andrey Golubkov
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Abstract

This study investigates the effects of nail penetration speed on the safety outcomes of large-format automotive lithium-ion pouch cells. Through six controlled tests varying the speed of nail insertion, we observed that lower penetration speeds did not induce thermal runaway; instead, the cells exhibited self-discharge while the nail remained embedded. These findings suggest that penetration speed is a critical factor in the onset of thermal runaway, providing valuable insights for the development of safer battery systems and more effective safety testing protocols.

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Eymen Ipek, Oliver Korak, Georg Gsellmann, Andrey Golubkov. 2026-03-10. Safe or Slow? The Illusion of Thermal Stability Under Reduced-Velocity Nail Intrusion. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09254

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