Balanced groups and the virtually cyclic dimension of poly-surfaces groups

Abstract

In this paper we obtain explicit linear upper bounds for the virtually cyclic dimension of normally poly-surface and normally poly-free groups. Our approach is based on a structural study of the balanced property (L\"uck's Condition~C), which provides structural control over commensurators of virtually cyclic subgroups. We prove general stability results showing that the balanced property is preserved under suitable short exact sequences, direct limits, and acylindrical graph of groups decompositions. As applications, we establish that normally poly-hyperbolic groups, normally poly-free groups, and normally poly-surface groups are balanced. These classes include, in particular, pure braid groups of surfaces with non-empty boundary, Artin groups of FC-type, right-angled Artin groups, and fundamental groups of mapping tori of surface homeomorphisms.