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arXiv · 2603.13475

State-dependent geometries from magic-enriched quantum codes

ChunJun Cao·Gong Cheng·Krishnanand Karthikeyan·Cathy Li·John Preskill
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Abstract

Quantum error-correcting codes provide a powerful framework for emergent spacetime, yet existing holographic code models describe only quantum fields on a fixed background: in subsystem erasure-correcting codes, the entropic area term is state independent and cannot capture gravitational backreaction. We argue that this limitation is intrinsic to exact subsystem complementary recovery and that incorporating backreaction instead requires approximate quantum error correction. We introduce a Ryu-Takayanagi-like entropy decomposition for approximate subsystem erasure-correcting codes, defining bulk matter entropy via optimal recovery and a complementary proto-area entropy as the difference between boundary entropy and recoverable bulk entropy. For a broad class of skewed quantum codes obtained by small nonlocal perturbations of exact codes, the proto-area increases monotonically with bulk entropy, closely aligning with the behavior of quantum extremal surfaces. We identify the origin of this response as a form of tripartite non-local magic in the Choi state of the encoding map, which vanishes in stabilizer codes and controls the leading matter-geometry coupling in approximate subsystem erasure-correcting codes.

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ChunJun Cao, Gong Cheng, Krishnanand Karthikeyan, Cathy Li, John Preskill. 2026-03-13. State-dependent geometries from magic-enriched quantum codes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13475

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