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arXiv · 2603.13544

Topological Phase Transitions in Superfluids Near Black Hole Horizons

Cristian R. Ghezzi·Paulo S. Custodio
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Abstract

We investigated a two-dimensional superfluid model immersed in a black hole spacetime and hypothesize that if a black hole collides with a thin superfluid film, it will trigger a topological phase transition within the superfluid, characterized by the production of vortex--antivortex pairs. We adapted the 2D XY model to a curved spacetime and elucidated the topological phase transition in response to variations in the black hole's temperature. Specializing the model to a Schwarzschild--de Sitter black hole, we found a proliferation of vortex--antivortex pairs close to the event and cosmological horizons.

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Cristian R. Ghezzi, Paulo S. Custodio. 2026-03-13. Topological Phase Transitions in Superfluids Near Black Hole Horizons. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896%2Fae083d

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