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arXiv · 2603.14281

DC-ViT: Modulating Spatial and Channel Interactions for Multi-Channel Images

Umar Marikkar·Syed Sameed Husain·Muhammad Awais·Sara Atito
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Abstract

Training and evaluation in multi-channel imaging (MCI) remains challenging due to heterogeneous channel configurations arising from varying staining protocols, sensor types, and acquisition settings. This heterogeneity limits the applicability of fixed-channel encoders commonly used in general computer vision. Recent Multi-Channel Vision Transformers (MC-ViTs) address this by enabling flexible channel inputs, typically by jointly encoding patch tokens from all channels within a unified attention space. However, unrestricted token interactions across channels can lead to feature dilution, reducing the ability to preserve channel-specific semantics that are critical in MCI data. To address this, we propose Decoupled Vision Transformer (DC-ViT), which explicitly regulates information sharing using Decoupled Self-Attention (DSA), which decomposes token updates into two complementary pathways: spatial updates that model intra-channel structure, and channel-wise updates that adaptively integrate cross-channel information. This decoupling mitigates informational collapse while allowing selective inter-channel interaction. To further exploit these enhanced channel-specific representations, we introduce Decoupled Aggregation (DAG), which allows the model to learn task-specific channel importances. Extensive experiments across three MCI benchmarks demonstrate consistent improvements over existing MC-ViT approaches.

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Umar Marikkar, Syed Sameed Husain, Muhammad Awais, Sara Atito. 2026-03-15. DC-ViT: Modulating Spatial and Channel Interactions for Multi-Channel Images. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14281

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