A mechanism for nonmonotonic $T_{c,max}(n)$ in multilayer cuprates

Abstract

We propose an explanation of the observed dependence of the maximal critical temperature $T_{c,max}$ on the number of conducting layers $n$ in layered copper-oxide superconductors within the preformed pair mechanism. Copper-oxygen planes fine-tune the lattice anisotropy and regulate the balance between the attractive and kinetic energies of carrier holes. To maximize the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature, real-space pairs must be compact and light at the same time. Generally, $T_{c,max}$ increases between $n = 1$ and $n = 3$ because pairs become lighter. For $n > 3$, the rising kinetic energy weakens the pairs, leading to inflated pair volumes and reduced $T_{c,max}$. By varying model parameters, the peak of $T_{c,max}(n)$ can be tuned to $n = 2$, $n = 3$, or $n > 3$. We also discuss strategies for using this knowledge to boost $T_{c,max}$ beyond the current record of 138 K.