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arXiv · 2603.24237

Correlated Atom Loss as a Resource for Quantum Error Correction

Hugo Perrin·Gatien Roger·Guido Pupillo
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Abstract

Atom loss is a dominant error source in neutral-atom quantum processors, yet its correlated structure remains largely unexploited by existing quantum error correction decoders. We analyze the performance of the surface code equipped with teleportation-based loss-detection units for neutral-atom quantum processors subject to circuit-level, partially correlated atom loss and depolarizing noise. We introduce and implement a decoding strategy that exploits loss correlations, effectively converting the \textit{delayed} erasure channels stemming from atom loss to erasure channels. The decoder constructs a loss graph and dynamically updates loss probabilities, a procedure that is highly parallelizable and compatible with real-time operation. Compared to a decoder that assumes independent loss events, our approach achieves up to an order-of-magnitude reduction in logical error probability and increases the loss threshold from $3.2\%$ to $4\%$. Our approach extends to experimentally relevant regimes with partially correlated loss, demonstrating robust gains beyond the idealized fully correlated setting.

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Hugo Perrin, Gatien Roger, Guido Pupillo. 2026-03-25. Correlated Atom Loss as a Resource for Quantum Error Correction. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24237

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