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arXiv · 2604.08848

Universal Relation between Nusselt Number and Bejan Number in Natural Convection

Takuya Masuda·Toshio Tagawa
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Abstract

We propose a universal scaling law linking the Nusselt number (Nu) and the Bejan number (Be) in natural convection. Using entropy generation analysis and boundary-layer scaling, we demonstrate that Be^-1 - 1 = a Nu^b emerges independently of geometry and boundary conditions when transport is governed by a single control parameter. The relation is validated using a canonical square cavity. This result establishes a direct connection between heat transfer and thermodynamic irreversibility, revealing a fundamental constraint in convective transport.

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Takuya Masuda, Toshio Tagawa. 2026-04-10. Universal Relation between Nusselt Number and Bejan Number in Natural Convection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.08848

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