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arXiv · 2604.10515

OAM modes characteristics analysis and low-loss transmission based on topological confinement

Yifan He·Xuchen Hua·Lei Shen·Kai Zhang·Ping Wang·Chenhao Wan·Ming Tang
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Abstract

The topological confinement is a new mechanism that allows the transmission of cutoff orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes with negligible loss in ring-core fibers (RCFs) and provides a natural immunity against mode coupling. We investigate the influence of fiber design parameters and wavelength on the characteristics of topologically confined modes (TCMs) in step index ring-core fibers (SI-RCFs), and propose a type of graded index ring-core fibers (GI-RCF) with better characteristics. Furthermore, as TCMs occurs in structures with high refractive index difference and are often accompanied by relatively high scattering loss, we fabricate a type of low-loss SI-RCF and observe the stable existence of 24 low-loss TCMs in total. Subsequently, we use an analytical model to estimate the maximum signal-to-noise (SNR) and spectral efficiency (SE) of the fiber, demonstrating its strong capacity advantages.

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Yifan He, Xuchen Hua, Lei Shen, Kai Zhang, Ping Wang, Chenhao Wan, Ming Tang. 2026-04-12. OAM modes characteristics analysis and low-loss transmission based on topological confinement. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.10515

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