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arXiv · 2604.16559

Polynomial Multiproofs for Scalable Data Availability Sampling in Blockchain Light Clients

Rachit Anand Srivastava·Vikram Bhattacharjee·Will Arnold·Toufeeq Pasha
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Abstract

Light clients are essential for scalable blockchain systems because they verify data availability without downloading full blocks. In data availability sampling based systems, sampled cells are retrieved from a peer-to-peer network and verified against cryptographic commitments. A common deployment pattern associates each sampled cell with an independent Kate-Zaverucha-Goldberg (KZG) proof, creating substantial cumulative bandwidth, storage, and verification overhead. This paper studies polynomial multiproofs (PMP) as a mechanism for reducing these costs in blockchain light clients. We present a design in which multiple sampled cell evaluations are verified using a single aggregated proof over a shared evaluation micro-domain and describe the corresponding changes to proof generation, dissemination, retrieval, and verification in a peer-to-peer light-client stack. We instantiate and evaluate the design in Avail, a modular data availability layer for blockchains, as a case study. The results show lower proof bytes, lower verifier CPU and memory usage, and deployment-level infrastructure cost reductions of up to 45% relative to a per-cell baseline, while also clarifying the trade-offs introduced by grouped retrieval.

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Rachit Anand Srivastava, Vikram Bhattacharjee, Will Arnold, Toufeeq Pasha. 2026-04-17. Polynomial Multiproofs for Scalable Data Availability Sampling in Blockchain Light Clients. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.16559

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