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arXiv · 2604.17326

Hierarchical Progressive Optimization for Multi-Qubit Pauli Noise Modeling

Xiangyu Ge·Jiafei Ge·Shengmei Zhao·Le Wang·Anqi Zhang
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Abstract

Quantum Noise Characterization (QNC) is indispensable for benchmarking and mitigating errors in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. However, traditional Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) suffers from an exponential parameter explosion, severely hindering its scalability. In this paper, we propose a Hierarchical Progressive Optimization (HPO) framework to efficiently extract high-order spatial crosstalk in multi-qubit systems. The complexity analysis shows that the combinatorial projection mask reduces the required number of Pauli transfer matrix (PTM) elements from O($16^N$) to O($N^2 3^N$). Numerical simulations on a 10-qubit HHL circuit achieve a fidelity of 0.9381 with the HPO method, compared to 0.7431 obtained using global depolarizing-noise mitigation.

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Xiangyu Ge, Jiafei Ge, Shengmei Zhao, Le Wang, Anqi Zhang. 2026-04-19. Hierarchical Progressive Optimization for Multi-Qubit Pauli Noise Modeling. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17326

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