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arXiv · 2604.17351

SOCIA-EVO: Automated Simulator Construction via Dual-Anchored Bi-Level Optimization

Yuncheng Hua·Sion Weatherhead·Mehdi Jafari·Hao Xue·Flora D. Salim
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Abstract

Automated simulator construction requires distributional fidelity, distinguishing it from generic code generation. We identify two failure modes in long-horizon LLM agents: contextual drift and optimization instability arising from conflating structural and parametric errors. We propose SOCIA-EVO, a dual-anchored evolutionary framework. SOCIA-EVO introduces: (1) a static blueprint to enforce empirical constraints; (2) a bi-level optimization to decouple structural refinement from parameter calibration; and (3) a self-curating Strategy Playbook that manages remedial hypotheses via Bayesian-weighted retrieval. By falsifying ineffective strategies through execution feedback, SOCIA-EVO achieves robust convergence, generating simulators that are statistically consistent with observational data. The code and data of SOCIA-EVO are available here: https://github.com/cruiseresearchgroup/SOCIA/tree/evo.

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Yuncheng Hua, Sion Weatherhead, Mehdi Jafari, Hao Xue, Flora D. Salim. 2026-04-19. SOCIA-EVO: Automated Simulator Construction via Dual-Anchored Bi-Level Optimization. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17351

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