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arXiv · 2604.18849

From Exposure to Adoption: Generative AI in European Workplaces

Golo Henseke
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Abstract

This study examines who adopts generative AI and whether early adoption has begun to reshape the task content of jobs across 35 European countries. Adoption ranges from under 3% to 25%. Occupational exposure strongly predicts uptake, but AI does not diffuse passively along exposure lines. At the worker level, skills, abstract task content, and employee organisational influence steepen the exposure-adoption gradient; at the country level, so do digitalisation and workplace training. A gender gap persists, concentrated in the most exposed occupations. A shift-share design finds no detectable effect of adoption on worker-reported task restructuring, consistent with an initial integration phase.

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Golo Henseke. 2026-04-20. From Exposure to Adoption: Generative AI in European Workplaces. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18849

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