Construction of normally biharmonic submanifolds

Abstract

We examine biharmonic submanifolds within warped product structures. For a submanifold $(M,g)\subset (N,h)$ and a positive smooth function $f:I\to\mathbb{R}^+$, we study the inclusion $\varphi:(I\times M,\widetilde{g})\to (I\times N,\overline{h})$, where $\widetilde{g}=dt^2+f^2g$ and $\overline{h}=dt^2+f^2h$. We relate the tension and bitension fields of $\varphi$ to the warping function and the geometry of $M$. We further characterize tangentially and normally biharmonic cases via differential conditions on $f$, and interpret these conditions in terms of the Ricci curvature of $(M,g)$ and $(I\times M,\widetilde{g})$.