Optimizing Information Freshness for Wireless Local Area Networks with Multiple APs

Abstract

Dense indoor WLANs increasingly rely on multiple access points (APs) operating over partially overlapping spectrum to support latency-sensitive applications. In such deployments, simultaneous transmissions across APs create co-channel and adjacent-channel interference, making scheduling decisions interdependent and directly impacting information freshness. Motivated by emerging software-defined WLAN architectures that enable centralized coordination, we study the problem of minimizing network-wide Age of Information (AoI) in multi-AP WLANs. Unlike classical AoI scheduling that runs at a single AP, each scheduling decision is now coupled across APs due to interference. This leads to a new class of combinatorial AoI control problems with action-dependent time evolution. We first derive a lower bound on the achievable AoI under arbitrary scheduling policies. We then design stationary randomized policies that have constant-factor optimality guarantees relative to this bound. Building on these insights, we develop a Lyapunov drift-based online policy for systems with action-dependent frame lengths, and establish constant-factor guarantees using new ratio-based drift analysis. To enable scalable implementation, we further show that per-frame scheduling admits efficient polynomial-time local-search approximations under a submodularity assumption. Simulations using realistic WLAN layouts demonstrate about 50% AoI reduction over distributed single AP baselines.