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arXiv · 2605.00548

Colorful-Noise: Training-Free Low-Frequency Noise Manipulation for Color-Based Conditional Image Generation

Nadav Z. Cohen·Ofir Abramovich·Ariel Shamir
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Abstract

Text-to-image diffusion models generate images by gradually converting white Gaussian noise into a natural image. White Gaussian noise is well suited for producing diverse outputs from a single text prompt due to its absence of structure. However, this very property limits control over, and predictability of, specific visual attributes, as the noise is not human-interpretable. In this work, we investigate the characteristics of the input noise in diffusion models. We show that, although all frequencies in white Gaussian noise have comparable statistical energy, low-frequency components primarily determine the images global structure and color composition, while high-frequency components control finer details. Building on this observation, we demonstrate that simple manipulations of the low-frequency noise using low-frequency image priors can effectively condition the generation process to reconstruct these low-frequency visual cues. This allows us to define a simple, training-free method with minimal overhead that steers overall image structure and color, while letting high-frequency components freely emerge as fine details, enabling variability across generated outputs.

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Nadav Z. Cohen, Ofir Abramovich, Ariel Shamir. 2026-05-01. Colorful-Noise: Training-Free Low-Frequency Noise Manipulation for Color-Based Conditional Image Generation. https://doi.org/10.1145/3799902.3811104

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