SEI-SHIELD: Robust Specific Emitter Identification Under Label Noise Via Self-Supervised Filtering and Iterative Rescue

Abstract

Specific Emitter Identification (SEI) provides physical-layer device authentication for wireless communications and Internet of Things (IoT) systems. While deep learning (DL) has significantly advanced SEI performance, label noise severely degrades system reliability in non-cooperative environments. Label noise originates from channel-induced ambiguities, annotation errors, and deliberate data poisoning by intelligent jammers injecting misleading signals. While recent SEI methods attempt to mitigate label noise, they fundamentally rely on corrupted supervised signals to guide sample selection, inevitably leading to confirmation bias and suboptimal feature spaces. To address this challenge, we propose SEI-SHIELD, a robust SEI framework that integrates self-supervised contrastive pre-training with iterative sample selection. Specifically, SEI-SHIELD employs Momentum Contrast (MoCo) with RF-tailored augmentations to extract intrinsically robust, label-independent representations directly from complex-valued I/Q signals. In addition, K-nearest neighbors (KNN)-based noise filtering identifies corrupted samples through neighborhood label consistency analysis in the learned feature space. Furthermore, an iterative rescue mechanism using prediction confidence and prototype cosine similarity progressively recovers correctly labeled hard samples inadvertently discarded during filtering. Comprehensive experiments on the POWDER and ORACLE datasets demonstrate that SEI-SHIELD achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) accuracy under various noise rates, substantially outperforming existing noise-robust paradigms, including advanced regularization techniques and sample selection frameworks.