From Pixels to Prompts: Vision-Language Models

Khang Nhat Hoang Vo

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arXiv · 2605.07544

From Pixels to Prompts: Vision-Language Models

Khang Nhat Hoang Vo

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Abstract

When you read a paper about a new Vision-Language Model today, it can be easy to forget how strange this idea would have sounded not so long ago. Teaching machines to see was already hard. Teaching them to read and generate language was already hard. Asking them to do both at once - and then to reason, answer questions, follow instructions, and sometimes even surprise us - still carries a quiet trace of science fiction, even as it becomes routine. This book was born from a simple feeling: it is too easy to get lost. The field moves quickly, new model names appear constantly, and the gap between "I know the buzzwords" and "I actually understand how this works" can feel uncomfortably wide. I have felt that gap many times. If you are holding this book, you probably have too. My goal is not to provide an exhaustive catalog of every dataset, benchmark, and new model variant. Instead, I want to offer something more modest - and, I hope, more durable: a clear mental map of Vision-Language Models. Enough structure that you can read new papers with confidence; enough intuition that you can design your own systems without feeling as if you are assembling LEGO bricks blindly.

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Khang Nhat Hoang Vo. 2026-05-08. From Pixels to Prompts: Vision-Language Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.07544

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