Neural-ISAM: A hybrid in-situ machine learning approach for complex manifold-based combustion models in LES of turbulent flames

Abstract

Manifold-based combustion models decrease the cost of turbulent combustion simulations by projecting the thermochemical state onto a lower-dimensional manifold, allowing the thermochemical state to be computed separately from the flow solver. The solutions to the manifold equations have traditionally been precomputed and pretabulated, but this results in large memory requirements and significant precomputation cost even for simple models. One approach to alleviate the memory requirements is to use In-Situ Adaptive Manifolds (ISAM), which only stores solutions that are encountered during a simulation in a database built with In-Situ Adaptive Tabulation (ISAT). Even with ISAM, as the manifold complexity increases, the memory requirements can still grow too large. Another approach to reduce memory of these databases are machine learning methods, for they represent functions in a highly memory-compact manner. However, current implementations of these methods require the pregeneration of training datasets with little knowledge of the states present in a simulation. This work develops the Neural In-Situ Adaptive Manifolds (Neural-ISAM) method, which is designed to address the drawbacks of both adaptive tabulation and machine learning methods, and leverage their benefits by coupling neural networks to manifold databases on-the-fly. ISAM databases are built via ISAT, which stores the manifold solutions in a binary tree, and Neural-ISAM periodically searches this tree to identify regions that can be pruned. Neural networks are trained on the candidate regions, and these portions of the binary tree are then replaced by the trained neural network, reducing the memory requirements of the database. Neural-ISAM memory usage, computational performance, and accuracy is evaluated in LES of two turbulent flames with increasing manifold model complexity: Sandia Flame D and the Sandia Sooting flame.