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arXiv · 2605.10496

M$^2$E-UAV: A Benchmark and Analysis for Onboard Motion-on-Motion Event-Based Tiny UAV Detection

Weiqi Yan·Lixin Chen·Xiangrui Hou·Zhipeng Cai·Youbiao Wang·Yangyang Shi·Yu Zang·Cheng Wang
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Abstract

Tiny UAV detection from an onboard event camera is difficult when the observer and target move at the same time. In this motion-on-motion regime, ego-motion activates background edges across buildings, vegetation, and horizon structures, while the UAV may appear as a sparse event cluster. Unlike static- or ground-observer event-based UAV detection, onboard UAV-view detection breaks the clean-background assumption because sensor ego-motion can activate dense background events over the entire field of view. To explore this practical problem, we present M$^2$E-UAV, to the best of our knowledge, the first onboard UAV-view motion-on-motion event-based dataset and benchmark for tiny UAV detection, where both the sensing platform and the target UAV are moving. M$^2$E-UAV provides synchronized event streams and IMU measurements collected from an onboard sensing platform, together with event-level UAV foreground labels derived from temporally propagated 10 Hz bounding-box annotations. The processed benchmark contains 87,223 training samples and 21,395 validation samples across four scene families: sunny building-forest, sunny farm-village, sunset building-forest, and sunset farm-village. We define a train/validation split and an evaluation protocol for comparing representative existing baselines across event-frame, voxel-grid, and point-set representations, with optional IMU input. The benchmark results show that existing baselines remain limited under sparse tiny-target evidence and dense ego-motion-induced background events. Code and benchmark files will be released at https://github.com/Wickyan/M2E-UAV.

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Weiqi Yan, Lixin Chen, Xiangrui Hou, Zhipeng Cai, Youbiao Wang, Yangyang Shi, Yu Zang, Cheng Wang. 2026-05-11. M$^2$E-UAV: A Benchmark and Analysis for Onboard Motion-on-Motion Event-Based Tiny UAV Detection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10496

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