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arXiv · 2605.10538

Structural transition and fragmentation of vortex lattices in rotating tilted dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Mamta Ale·Harsimranjit Kaur·Kuldeep Suthar
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Abstract

We investigate the vortex lattices of harmonically confined quasi-two-dimensional tilted rotational dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. By employing an extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a rotating condensate, we reveal the structural transformation of vortices from square to triangular lattices as the tilt of dipolar bosons relative to the polarization axis approaches a critical angle. When the tilt of the magnetic dipoles surpasses the magic angle, the condensate elongates diagonally and becomes devoid of vortices. Moreover, we include the Lee-Huang-Yang correction, which enables the formation of vortices in the elongated condensate. Additionally, when dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the polarization axis, the Lee-Huang-Yang correction results in the fragmentation of condensates under strong rotation. The quench dynamics of the rotational frequency demonstrate the development of vortex lattices; however, with a strong rotational quench, the condensate remains free of vortices. Our numerical analysis highlights the beyond mean-field effects of the rotational properties of anisotropic dipolar bosons, which can be observed in current dipolar quantum gas experiments.

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Mamta Ale, Harsimranjit Kaur, Kuldeep Suthar. 2026-05-11. Structural transition and fragmentation of vortex lattices in rotating tilted dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10538

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