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arXiv · 2605.10652

Cavity-Induced Excitonic Insulation and Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in Dirac Materials

Yuxuan Guo·Yuto Ashida
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Abstract

We investigate two-dimensional Dirac fermions embedded in a deep-subwavelength cavity formed by high-impedance metasurfaces. We point out that, unlike conventional metallic boundaries, these metasurfaces support quasielectrostatic transverse-magnetic modes that mediate a long-range interaction between two-dimensional electrons. Combining static electronic screening with a Dyson-Schwinger analysis, we show that this engineered interaction can qualitatively alter the ground-state properties of Dirac materials. For a fermion flavor number $N_{f}$ below a critical value $N_{c}=16/\pi$, the interaction drives an excitonic insulating phase through an infinite-order quantum phase transition and spontaneously generates a mass gap. At $N_{f}>N_{c}$, the system remains gapless but enters a non-Fermi-liquid critical regime where the quasiparticle residue is singularly suppressed to zero, and the Dirac cone exhibits a nonanalytic dispersion relation. Furthermore, under a perpendicular magnetic field, the cavity fluctuations dynamically lift the zeroth Landau level degeneracy across all $N_{f}$. These results identify high-impedance metasurface cavities as promising platforms for engineering correlated Dirac matter.

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Yuxuan Guo, Yuto Ashida. 2026-05-11. Cavity-Induced Excitonic Insulation and Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in Dirac Materials. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10652

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